Tirukkuṟaḷ
திருக்குறள்
About the Work
Tirukkuṟaḷ, composed on the two line kuṟaṭpā metre, is the greatest work among all ethical treatises in the history of Tamil literature. It is an absolutely secular masterpiece, compellingly universal in content and perspective. It was written by Tiruvaḷḷuvar. Tirukkuṟaḷ probably belongs to the first century B.C. It comprises 133 decades, is divided into 3 books. The first book on Virtue (Aṟattuppāl) consists of 4 introductory decades, 20 on a householder, 14 on an ideal ascetic, with a total of 38 decades. The second on Material life (Poruṭpāl) consists of 70 decades on the king, the state and the citizen. The third book on Sexual Love (Kāmattuppāl), comprising 25 decades, has 7 on premarital love and and 18 on wedded love. This is the only work which has to its credit more than ten commentaries by commentators like Parimēlaḻakar, Maṇakkuṭavar, Paritiyār and Paripperumāḷ. It has been translated into most of the principal languages of the world.
Digital Resources & Editions
19 editions| S.No | Details of the Book | Year | Category | Actions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tirukkural on Virtue (Aṟappāl) - Commentator: F.W. Ellis | 1812 | Commentary & Translation | |
| 2 | Tirukkuṟaḷ and Nālaṭināṉūṟu Texts - Editor: Tāṇṭavarāya Mudaliyār | 1831 | Text | |
| 3 | Tirukkuṟaḷ Text with Parimēlaḻakar's Commentary - Editor: Āṟumukanāvalar | 1861 | Commentary | |
| 4 | A Compendium of Tirukkuṟaḷ Translations in English – Vol.I (Aṟattuppāl) | 2010 | Translation | |
| 5 | Tirukkuṟaḷ in Punjabi - Translator: Dr. Tarlochan Singh Bedi | 2012 | Translation | |
| 6 | Tirukkuṟaḷ in Manipuri - Translator: Soibam Rebika Devi | 2012 | Translation | |
| 7 | Na Tirukurala (Fizi) - Translator: Samuel L. Berwick | 1964 | Translation | |
| 8 | तिरुवल्लुवर की वाणी (Hindi) - Translator: T.E.S. Raghavan | 1986 | Translation | |
| 9 | Tirukkuṟaḷ kāmattuppāl kāliṅkarurai - paripperumāḷurai | 1945 | Commentary | |
| 10 | 108 Gems from the Sacred Tirukkural - Translator: T.V. Parameshwar Iyer | 1905 | Translation | |
| 11 | The CURAL Arathupal Part -1 - Translator: Ramanuja cavi Rayar | 1840 | Commentary | |
| 12 | Tirukkural Bengali Translation - Translator: Srilinimohan Sanyal | 1937 | Translation | |
| 13 | Tirukkural – Burmese Translation - Translator: K.P. Ratnam | 1969 | Translation | |
| 14 | The KURAL in Chinese - Translator: Cheng His | 1967 | Translation | |
| 15 | Tirukkural in Gujarathi - Translator: Kantilal L. Kalani | 1971 | Translation | |
| 16 | Tirukkural (Hindi) - Translator: M.G. Venkatakrishnan | 1967 | Translation | |
| 17 | Tiruvaḷḷuvanāyaṉār aruḷicceyta kuṟaḷ mūlamum - Author: Sukathyar | 1889 | Commentary | |
| 18 | Tirukkural in Telugu - Translator: Valluvamoorthy | 1892 | Translation | |
| 19 | Tirukkural with English Couplets - Translator: Yogi Shuddananda Bharathi | 1982 | Translation |